Should I Use Service Location Protocol 239.255.255.253 Iana Multicast Address

A calculator needs the following information to function properly on a estimator network:

• IP address
• Subnet Mask
• IP address of a Default Gateway (router)
• IP address of a DNS server

At that place are ii ways that a figurer can obtain those details. Either automatically, or via manual configuration.

DHCP – automated assignment of IP addresses

In a domicile network, the router usually decides how the LAN should work. The router will frontward traffic betwixt the clients on the LAN and also between the LAN and the Internet.

With that in mind, it is just natural that the router besides hands out IP addresses and other necessary information to the computers on the network. This is done via DHCP, which stands for Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol. In other words, it is a protocol to automatically hand out configuration to computers and other devices on the network.

Usually when you receive your dwelling router it is already pre-configured with a DHCP server to hand out configuration to your computers and other devices. The router is also prepared then that the addresses that the router hands out via DHCP is on the same IP network as the router'southward LAN IP address. This is necessary for the clients to be able to utilise the router as their Default Gateway.

When a computer connects to a network it will endeavor to ask for an IP address. This is done by sending out a DHCP request where it asks if there are whatsoever bachelor DHCP servers on the network. If any DHCP server responds then the computer will use DHCP to ask for an IP address and all the other necessary data it needs from the DHCP server.

So when your router sees this DHCP request it volition hand out an available IP address from its pool of complimentary IP addresses, together with the other details that the computer needs.

In the in a higher place example, the router's DHCP server has a puddle of bachelor IP addresses starting with 192.168.1.2 and going all the style upwardly to 192.168.1.254. The router will paw out the first bachelor IP address from that puddle and volition mark the address as "leased" so that it does not hand out the aforementioned IP address to whatsoever other customer on the network.

All clients on the LAN will receive the aforementioned Subnet Mask, Default Gateway and DNS Server settings from the DHCP server since those details are mutual to all clients.

Manual configuration of an IP accost

Instead of letting the computer obtain its IP address from the router via DHCP you can choose to manually configure the IP settings on the figurer. Normally this is avoided since it can crusade a few different problems unless information technology is handled properly by the administrator, which is you.

When and why would yous need to manually configure an IP address on a client?

If a figurer obtains its IP address automatically via DHCP and then it is non sure that the computer volition obtain the same IP address each and every time y'all commencement the calculator. The DHCP server remembers which computer that has gotten which IP address, simply but for a sure corporeality of fourth dimension. If a computer is powered off for likewise long (often a day or two, depending on how the router is configured) then the DHCP server will forget which IP address that it handed out to the computer. Also, if the router is powered off for any reason so it will typically forget about any DHCP leases it has previously handed out.

In some special cases, this could lead to bug. 1 such example is if y'all have had to brand a Port Frontwards (a subject field which is discussed in further details in other parts of this guide). Port frontward often point to an internal LAN IP accost of a computer. Equally long as the computer keeps the aforementioned IP address the Port Forward will work. But if the computer changes IP addresses every so frequently, then afterward each IP address change the Port Forward must be updated in the router configuration.

In that situation, it is frequently recommended to configure the calculator that should receive the Port Forrard manually with an IP address. That style the IP address will always stay the same and the Port Forward keeps working.

When y'all configure an IP address manually on a figurer you lot demand to configure the aforementioned settings that a computer usually receives via DHCP:

• An available IP address on the aforementioned IP network as the router
• The same Subnet Mask that the router is using
• Default Gateway, which should be set to the LAN IP address of the router
• DNS Server accost – either the router LAN IP address or another DNS server on the Internet. Yous may utilise the same accost that the router normally easily out via DHCP

IP address conflicts

If you lot choose to manually configure an IP address on a calculator, then you also should brand sure to exclude that IP address from the pool of DHCP addresses in your abode router. Otherwise the router might mitt out the same IP address to some other calculator on the network.

Using the street address analogy again, if ii houses on the same street for some reason had the exact aforementioned firm number, and then the confusion would be great. Some packages and letters would terminate upwards at the right house whereas others would end up at the wrong identify. Information technology would very much be hit and miss with a big random element to it.

The same affair would happen on a reckoner network where two devices were configured to apply the exact same IP address. You then have an IP accost conflict on the network, and the result is basically that advice stops working for the involved clients. Network communication but does non work if only approximately half of the traffic ends up in at the correct place.

In modern networks and with newer operating systems the computers will endeavor to avert IP address conflicts past checking first if the IP address seems to be taken already. But even then only the first estimator that obtains the IP address will piece of work correctly. The second computer that accidentally is given the same IP address every bit the first i volition notice the IP address disharmonize and will then simply avert talking on the network until it has been given another IP address.

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Source: https://www.homenethowto.com/basics/giving-the-computer-an-ip-address/

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